We describe the early steps that brought about the establishment of assisted fertilization techniques culminating in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) along with presentations of current diagnostic screening methods for spermatozoal (dys)function.

We describe the early steps that brought forth the development of intracytoplasmic sperm injection and its role in assisted reproduction techniques.

Present-day semen analysis is better than it has ever been. However, alone, it does not meet modern day clinical diagnostic needs.

The epigenome of human sperm demonstrates a historical record of spermatogenesis as well as a poising of key developmental genes that may be functional in embryogenesis.

A focused review is presented of the scientific literature pertaining to spermatozoal RNA.

This revised Committee Opinion outlines reproductive issues relevant to women with Turner syndrome, including associated maternal morbidity and mortality, oocyte donation, prenatal testing and care, and alternatives to infertility treatment, such as surrogacy or adoption.

Genome-wide sperm DNA methylation patterns were evaluated in abnormal protamine 1/protamine 2 ratio, abnormal IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection embryogenesis, and normozoospermic, fertile control men. Broadly aberrant methylation was observed in three patients.

The SOD content in mature sperm is a good predictor of post-thaw motility recovery of cryopreserved human spermatozoa.

Extremely low prevalence rates of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection were found in Canadian infertile men.

This up-to-date systematic review demonstrates that several treatments for retrograde ejaculation exist but further research is needed to allow comparison between treatment methods.

We present a case of variant primary ciliary dyskinesia with complete asthenozoospermia and reduced respiratory function. Testicular sperm extraction was used to retrieve improved-quality sperm, and a healthy child was achieved with the use of intracytoplasmic sperm injection.

Although their testes showed severe fibrosis and hyalinization, spermatogonia were observed in 4 of 22 Klinefelter syndrome patients with no sperm recovered after TESE.

In this meta-analysis, infants conceived after elective single embryo transfer have decreased risks of low birth weight and prematurity than after double embryo transfer but higher risks of prematurity than spontaneous conceptions.

Individual human embryos with the potential to develop to high-scoring blastocysts could be selected at 2–3 days of culture using this system by examining the times required to complete the second and third mitotic divisions.

Fragmented oocytes occur rarely in intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles, but their presence is associated with reduced developmental potential of sibling oocytes and lower implantation and pregnancy rates.

In younger patients undergoing IVF, luteal phase support with vaginal P produces significantly higher pregnancy rates than does IMP. Vaginal P is equally effective as IM in older patients.

Overweight significantly increases the risk of very early preterm and very preterm births in twins conceived by IVF.

Surgical or medical management of early pregnancy failure can be cost effective, depending on the specific circumstances.

We investigated patients with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss for expression of antitrophoblast antibodies using choriocarcinoma cell line JEG-3 because these cells retain many characteristics of normal pregnancy-derived trophoblasts.

Associated deep infiltrating endometriosis has a negative impact on assisted reproduction results in patients with endometriomas.