A review of the role played by VEGF on OHSS etiologyand the protective effect of dopamine agonists.

GnRH antagonist cycles are associated with a lower risk of OHSS and should be the protocol of choice in high-risk patients; and coasting is a useful protocol for prevention of OHSS.

Agonist triggering combined with oocyte vitrification and ET in a subsequent natural cycle avoids ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in patients at risk and shows excellent cycle outcome.

Low-dose hCG supplementation after GnRHa trigger secures the reproductive outcome and minimizes the risk of OHSS in the high-risk IVF patient.

Intensive luteal phase support is effective in improving pregnancy rates after GnRHa trigger.

FSH co-trigger after ovarian stimulation has been shown to improve oocyte competence and a recent report suggested that the FSH co-trigger can completely prevent OHSS.

Dopamine agonists, decreased FSH and hCG doses, coasting, agonist trigger, paracentesis, metformin, low-dose aspirin, anticoagulation, and possibly FSH co-trigger are measures that prevent or reduce the severity of OHSS.

This Practice Committee guideline provides recommendations regarding the use of surgical procedures for the treatment of tubal disease.

We report on how mild induced testicular and epididymal hyperthermia in men caused drastic and reversible effects on sperm chromatin integrity which appeared before any changes in sperm output.

We confirm a pathogenic role of nitric oxide in the reduction of sperm functionality.

A randomized, assessor-blind, multicenter trial with compulsory single-blastocyst transfer documented that highly purified hMG is noninferior to rFSH regarding ongoing pregnancy in GnRH antagonist cycles.

Eighteen percent of women undergoing IVF overexpressed PGRMC1, which was associated with a 30% reduction in follicle development and the number of mature oocytes but not ongoing pregnancy rates.

Retrospective cohort analysis of 4,202 births resulting from blastocyst versus nonblastocyst transfer demonstrated no significant difference in maternal and perinatal outcomes, although blastocyst transfer may increase preeclampsia and placenta previa.

We report that ovarian hyperstimulation as part of in vitro fertilization led to significant elevations in TSH, often above pregnancy-appropriate targets. These findings were particularly evident in participants with preexisting hypothyroidism.

This is the first demonstration that LH receptor expression increases during antral follicular growth, is highest in preovulatory follicles, and correlates with fertility treatment outcome.

We present a systematic review and meta-analysis performed to evaluate the effect of acupuncture on pregnancy rates in women undergoing IVF.

Pre-emptive use of ibuprofen had a statistically significant beneficial effect on the need for pain relief during a mifepristone and misoprostol regimen for medical abortion. Ibuprofen did not adversely affect the outcome of medical abortion.

Two new low-dose LNG-IUSs provided effective contraception with a similar bleeding profile to Mirena and were significantly easier and less painful to place compared with Mirena.

We report that severe maternal morbidity from hemorrhage in women with ectopic pregnancy is not associated with patient-related risk factors.

More than 40% of Australian women aged 28 to 36 years with a history of infertility can achieve births without using fertility treatment, indicating they are subfertile rather than infertile.

Increased incidence rates of clomiphene citrate use among women aged 30 to 44 years over the past decade indicate a growing demand for fertility treatments in this population.

Healthy endometrium has variable constitutive nuclear factor kB activity. Altered p65 activity in secretory endometrium from endometriosis patients may modulate endometrial dysfunctions associated with endometriosis pathophysiology.

This study investigated whether rectosigmoid DIE influences intestinal and defecatory functions through anorectal manometry and a questionnaire. Some defecatory disorders were reported while there was no report of motility or sensitive dysfunctions.

Thiazolidinediones reduce the concentration of inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8 secreted from primary cultured endometrial stromal cells through a PPARg–independent mechanism.

Neither oocyte cryopreservation nor ovarian tissue cryopreservation appears to be cost-effective for healthy women planning delayed childbearing.

Several factors are associated with undergoing fertility preservation treatment. Understanding these factors may be helpful to better target counseling and possibly tailor treatments so that fertility preservation treatment options can be maximized.

This study evaluated the association between FSH receptor gene variants and current markers of ovarian reserve. No associations of FSH receptor genotypes with markers of ovarian reserve were detected.

We sequenced LHX1 and identified a novel variation, c.1070–1081del, in 1 of 77 incomplete m€ullerian fusion patients and 1 of 105 control individuals from a Han Chinese population.

Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome management by a multidisciplinary approach, including psychologists, results in no need for surgical intervention.

The analysis of 59 Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome patients shows that sigmoid vaginoplasty provides nearly normal sexuality often tainted with psychologic distress.

Women undergoing an assisted reproductive technology cycle reported some surprising lifestyle habits, including a 12% prevalence of taking herbs while cycling.

Dendritic cells make up a significant fraction of hematopoietic cells in human follicular fluid. The ovarian response to gonadotropins in in vitro fertilization cycles correlates with the maturity of these cells.

Human chorionic gonadotropin/luteinizing hormone modulates progesterone receptor and cathepsin-L expression in human preovulatory granulosa cells, suggesting that both peptides are critical in human ovulation.

Mitochondrial activity in oocytes from hormonally stimulated donor sheep shows within- and betweensubject and maturation procedure- and age-related variations. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) level increases in aged oocytes. High mitochondria-ROS colocalization identifies in vivo matured oocytes.

The adhesion phenotype, which is normally expressed in response to hypoxia, is reproduced in a normoxic environment by uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation with 2,4-dinitrophenol.

Human relaxin selectively inhibits apoptosis by downregulating caspase-3 expression and induces proliferation in cultured human leiomyoma cells without affecting apoptosis or proliferation in normal myometrial cells.

PLCz-induced Ca2+ oscillations in human oocytes that failed to fertilize after intracytoplasmic sperm injection cause small, discrete movements in the cytoplasm that provide a noninvasive measure of the pattern of Ca2+ transients during activation.

Prenatal T leads to changes in anti-Mullerian hormone protein expression that likely accounts for the increased follicular recruitment and persistence found in this animal model of PCOS.

11-deoxy prostaglandin F2a, a thromboxane A2 receptor (TP) agonist, partially alleviates embryo crowding and increases litter size in the Lpar3(/) females.

This study shows that LMWH plays a role in the protection of the trophoblast by regulating proliferation, invasion, and differentiation. The HB-EGF is an important factor in the effects of LMWH on trophoblast function.