Laparoscopic excision of endometriomas decreases serum AMH levels at 6 weeks and 6 months postoperatively, and the level of decrease is more in cysts that are bilateral or 5 cm.

Pregnant Mexican women with a history of infertility and PCOS are at increased risk for developing GDM. This risk should be considered starting early in the second trimester for a timely intervention and to improve the maternal–fetal prognosis.

Aromatase expression and promoter usage differ between omental/visceral and subcutaneous fat. They may serve different endocrine functions and explain why omental fat is linked with the metabolic syndrome and PCOS.

Overexpression of Smad7 induces increased apoptosis, whereas decreased Smad7 expression reduces apoptosis induced by TGF-b in granulosa cells.

Finasteride treatment significantly reduces sperm transit time in the epididymis, sperm motility, and fertility parameters. A 30-day post-treatment recovery period was not enough to restore all parameters.

Oocytes matured in lipid-rich follicular fluid from obese women exhibit increased oocyte lipid content, induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress genes, and impaired nuclear maturation.

Retinoic acid inhibition of endometriotic-implant development in mouse model endometriosis may be related to suppression of interleukin-6 and macrophage chemotactic factor-1 production, and promotion of peritoneal macrophage differentiation.

Suppression of spermatogenesis before testis grafting allows spermatogenesis recovery, whereas control tissue degenerates. Testis tissue xenografting could be an important tool for study and preservation of fertility in adult azoospermia.

A reduction of the ejection speed of the transferred load allows avoidance of a developmental delay and diminishes the injury to the embryos.

Women who conceive with assisted reproductive technology are at a more than three-fold increased risk of hospital admission for early parenting difficulties compared with women who conceive spontaneously.

Two hundred subjects were randomized to undergo hysterosalpingography (HSG) using a 37C or a roomtemperature contrast medium. The warm medium alleviated the pain and decreased vasovagal episodes during HSG.

Compared to placebo, escitalopram (10–20 mg/d) for 8 weeks reduced hot flash interference in daily life, a key measure of quality of life. Reduced hot flash interference was correlated with improvements in other hot flash variables.

The follicle pool in transplanted frozen/thawed ovarian tissue is low compared with normal ovaries, and reduced follicular selection may explain these women's poor reproductive outcomes in assisted reproduction.

Location of the transposed ovary higher than 1.5 cm above the iliac crest is recommended to avoid ovarian failure after lateral ovarian transposition after primary or adjuvant pelvic radiotherapy.

The levels of peritoneal fluid vascular endothelial growth factor are inversely associated with development of pelvic adhesions in the course of endometriosis.

Elevated serum estradiol level on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin administration is associated with adverse obstetrical outcomes.

A significant biological pathway, the cell cycle,was identified along with signature protein staining patterns after gene expression of the receptive endometrium was determined via laser microdissected glands and stroma.

GnRH antagonist protocols allow friendly IVF procedures for patients but have low convenience to program oocyte retrievals. This study shows that estrogen pretreatment is effective and safe to program antagonist cycles.

Live birth rates and cumulative pregnancy rates were higher in North America than in Europe after treatment with either corifollitropin alfa or daily recombinant FSH in a double-blind prospective randomized controlled trial.

The administration of human chorionic gonadotropin in the early and late follicular phase in controlled ovarian stimulation shows results similar to the conventional regimens, with the advantage of decreasing the doses of follicle-stimulating hormone.

Compared with fresh embryo transfers, vitrified day 3 embryo transfer shows no significant differences in obstetrical and neonatal outcomes. Vitrification is a safe method for the cryopreservation of human day 3 embryos.

Children conceived by IVF and/or ICSI are at significantly increased risk for birth defects, and there is no risk difference between IVF children and ICSI children.

A cross-sectional survey of 194 previous oocyte donors performed by a standardized telephone questionnaire shows that oocyte donation does not affect donors' short-term reproductive health.

Elevated serum P levels are associated with reduced ongoing pregnancy rates regardless of different ovarian responses. Increased P threshold concentration is associated with better ovarian responses.

Dual trigger with GnRH agonist and low-dose hCG in high responders with peak E2 levels

Fluorescent Pisum sativum agglutinin rapidly labels and stabilizes the acrosomal matrix when exocytic fusion pores open in live human sperm, as assessed by confocal microscopy, electron microscopy, and flow cytometry.

This document provides the latest recommendations for the use of a gestational carrier, including indications for this technique and the evaluation of carriers and intended parents.

The author discusses the challenges in programming GnRH antagonist cycles.

Based on published studies, especially animal, the author discusses the evidence for infertile men to consider stopping the use of finasteride.

The authors discuss the risks and prevention of peritoneal adhesions, and the relationship between adhesions and peritoneal fluid to endometriosis found in the literature.

The author discusses the need to identify methods to minimize risk in IVF conceptions.

The author discusses recent findings on hot flash severity, frequency, and interference by treatment.

Immortalized leiomyoma and myometrial cells grown in a three-dimensional format maintain the molecular phenotype of the progenitor tissues and create extracellular matrix.

Technologies related to automation, such as nonsubjective sperm selection, oocyte fertilization, and embryo culture and monitoring, are available, and this means that sample preparation, chemical or biologic reactions, and data collection could be integrated.

We describe uterus transplantation research conducted in the animal model and explore its introduction in the human model.

This review summarizes state-of-the-art of ovarian transplantation and cryopreservation, and the limits and future prospects of these new techniques.

We summarize the recent advances in the human germline development from pluripotent stem cells and discuss the proposed strategies to develop disease models of infertility using human ESC/iPSC.

New germ cells and new organs open new areas in the approach to treating infertility.