July 2012

Antimüllerian hormone levels are independently related to ovarian hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovaries

Antimullerian hormone (AMH) levels correlate independently with polycystic ovaries and ovarian hyperandrogenism. AMH levels in PCOS overlap those in volunteers with normal-variant polycystic ovaries. Only substantial AMH elevations are diagnostic of PCOS.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Adipose expression of adipocytokines in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

In a cross-sectional study of women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), obesity but not PCOS affected the expression of adipose expression and plasma levels of adipocytokines.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Circulating Vitamin D Correlates with Serum Anti-Mullerian Hormone Levels in Late Reproductive-Aged Women: Women's Interagency HIV Study

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels are positively correlated with serum antim€ullerian hormone levels in latereproductive-aged women (40 years old).

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Effect of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine on methylation of the putative imprinted control region of H19 during the in vitro development of vitrified bovine two-cell embryos

H19 imprinted control region methylation levels significantly increased in vitrified two-cell embryos and their derived blastocysts; 5-aza-dC significantly reduced H19 imprinted control region methylation and increased H19 expression in blastocysts derived from vitrified embryos.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Inhibitory effects of methotrexate on spontaneous motility and cajal-like type of tubal interstitial cells in rabbit oviduct

Methotrexate toxicity causes diminished tubal smooth muscle contractility, probably due to decreased population of t-ICC, which may be new potential targets for a variety of dysfunctional tubal motility diseases.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Metformin: Direct Inhibition of Rat Ovarian Theca-Interstitial Cell Proliferation

Metformin activates adenosine monophosphate–activated protein kinase (AMPK) in rat ovarian thecainterstitial cells and subsequently inhibits cell proliferation and insulin-induced mitogenic signaling pathways.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Strain-specific spontaneous activation during mouse oocyte maturation

Oocyte spontaneous activation, an irregularity of the cell cycle that can lead to ovarian teratomas, has genetic variation among inbred mouse strains, and is sensitive to the culture environment.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Sirt1 exerts anti-inflammatory effects and promotes steroidogenesis in Leydig cells

Sirt1 plays protective roles and promotes steroidogenesis in Leydig cells through its anti-inflammatory actions and coactivation of SF-1.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Animal models of polycystic ovary syndrome: a focused review of rodent models in relationship to clinical phenotypes and cardiometabolic risk

This is a review of current rodent models used to investigate PCOS, including steroid-induced, pre- and postnatal, and genetic spontaneous models, in relationship to cardiometabolic risk factors, and the potential use of these models in understanding the etiology of cardiovascular disease in PCOS.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

2-methoxyestradiol causes functional repression of transforming growth factor-β3 signaling by ameliorating Smad and non-Smad signaling pathways in immortalized uterine fibroid cells

The profibrotic response of transforming growth factor (TGF) b3 in fibroid cells is mediated by Smad-dependent and Smad-independent PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways. 2-Methoxyestradiol inhibits TGF-b3 profibrotic effects in fibroid cells by ameliorating both Smad-dependent and Smad-independent signaling pathways.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Integration of immunodeficiency virus in oocytes via intracytoplasmic injection: possible but extremely unlikely

Human oocytes can be infected with HIV via ICSI when high amounts of virus are injected, but the chances that an infection will occur in a clinical setting are less than 0.00002%.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Human granulosa luteal cell OXPHOS function is not affected by age or ovarian response

The mitochondrial OXPHOS function in the granulosa luteal cells is unaffected by aging or diminishment of the ovarian response.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Studying nonobstructive azoospermia in cystinosis: histologic examination of testes and epididymis and sperm analysis in a Ctns−/− mouse model

Male cystinosis patients are infertile. Male Ctns-/- mice (cystinosis mouse model) showed normal fertility compared with wild-type mice (measured by litter size). Also, histology of testes and epididymis as well as sperm analysis were similar in both groups.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Is chromosome testing of the second miscarriage cost- saving: A decision analysis of selective vs. universal recurrent pregnancy loss evaluation

Selective recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) evaluation, which is based upon chromosome testing of the second miscarriage, is a cost-saving strategy for couples with RPL when compared with universal RPL evaluation.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Cost-effectiveness of cytogenetic evaluation of products of conception in the patient with a second pregnancy loss

Genetic analysis of the products of conception may provide substantial net economic benefits in evaluation of recurrent pregnancy loss.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Chromosomal abnormalities in embryos from couples with a previous aneuploid miscarriage

In preimplantation embryos, the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities due to a previous aneuploid miscarriage is significantly higher than in the control group of fertile couples who underwent preimplantation genetic screening for sex-linked diseases.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Reduced pretreatment ovarian reserve in premenopausal female patients with Hodgkin Lymphoma or Non-Hodgkin-Lymphoma – evaluation by using Anti-Muellerian hormone and retrieved oocytes

We discuss how ovarian reserve is already reduced in young female lymphoma patients before the start of chemotherapy.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Pregnancies following ultrasound-guided drainage of tubo-ovarian abscess

This study showed half of the women treated with ultrasound-guided drainage for tubo-ovarian abscess in combination with antibiotics were later able to conceive naturally.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Effect of letrozole on estradiol production and P450 aromatase mRNA expression of cultured luteinized granulosa cells from women with and without endometriosis

Lower estradiol production and P450 aromatase messenger RNA expression of cultured granulosa cells were found in women with endometriosis, but letrozole in the conditioned media further reduced these parameters.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Analysis of follicular fluid and serum markers of oxidative stress in women with infertility related to endometriosis

Infertile women with endometriosis have an altered balance between pro-oxidant and antioxidant activities that may have an impact on folliculogenesis and adequate embryo development.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Activated Glucocorticoid and Eicosanoid Pathways in Endometriosis

Gene networks that regulate prostaglandin and cortisol synthesis are altered in endometriosis, and the proinflammatory milieu of an endometriotic lesion perturbs cortisol synthesis and action.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Body mass index and short-term weight change in relation to treatment outcomes in women undergoing assisted reproduction

Among women undergoing ART, overweight and obesity were related to lower live birth rates. Short-term weight loss was related to higher MII yield but unrelated to clinical outcomes.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

The effect of body mass index on the outcomes of first assisted reproductive technology cycles

Patients with a BMI over 30 have up to 68% lower odds of having a live birth following their first ART cycle.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Maternal characteristics and twin gestation outcomes over 10 years: Impact of conception methods

Twin gestations after fertility treatments are associated significantly with older age, higher prematurity rate, cesarean delivery, and more obstetric complications when compared with those conceived spontaneously.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Management of a cervical heterotopic pregnancy presenting with first-trimester bleeding: case report and review of the literature

We present a case of cervical heterotopic pregnancy that was managed successfully, and we review the existing literature on this topic.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Role of routine monitoring of Liver and Renal Function during treatment of ectopic pregnancies with single-dose Methotrexate protocol

Routine measurement of serum aspartate aminotransferase and creatinine levels may not be necessary before instituting a single-dose methotrexate protocol for the treatment of ectopic pregnancy.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Is the zona pellucida thickness of human embryos influenced by women's age and hormonal levels?

This study demonstrated zona pellucida thickness is not influenced by women's age or hormonal levels and is not a good predictive indicator for IVF clinical outcomes.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Predicting Personalized Multiple Birth Risks After In Vitro Fertilization-Double Embryo Transfer

In vitro fertilization patients have inherently different risks of multiple birth, even when DET is specified, and this personalized risk can be reliably predicted.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Spontaneous pregnancies among couples previously treated by in vitro fertilization

Among couples previously treated by IVF, one in five has a live birth following a spontaneous pregnancy. This should give hope to unsuccessfully treated couples, especially young couples with unexplained infertility.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

The Association between Fertility Clinic Performance and Cycle Volume: Implications for Public Reporting of Provider Performance Data

This retrospective longitudinal study of U.S. assisted reproductive technology clinics found no association between clinic success rates and cycle volume despite public reporting and patient utilization of clinic performance data.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Successful pregnancy in vitrified/warmed blastocyst intrafallopian transfer

Blastocyst intrafallopian transfer is a feasible option in cases of repeated difficult ETs, regardless of whether the patient shows cervical adhesions or any type of genital malformations.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Changes in the hormonal profile and seminal parameters with the use of aromatase inhibitors in the management of infertile men with low testosterone to estradiol ratios

Therapy with 2.5 mg letrozole or 1 mg anastrazole daily, in cases of infertile men with low T/E2 ratios, leads to a significant increase of T/E2 ratio, ejaculate volume, sperm motility, and total motile sperm count.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Screening for partial AZFa microdeletions in the Y chromosome of infertile men – Is it of clinical relevance?

Assessing complete AZFa deletion is important in azoospermic men, but routine assessment of either USP9Y or DDX3Y microdeletions is unjustified, owing to their rarity and inconsistent impact on spermatogenesis.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Epigenetics and vitrification of embryos: one step forward and many raised equivocal questions

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Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Fertility treatment when the prognosis is very poor or futile: a committee opinion

The ethical considerations of providing fertility treatment to patients when the prognosis is very poor or futile are discussed.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Recommendations for development of an emergency plan for in vitro fertilization programs: a committee opinion

All IVF programs and clinics should have plans for protection of fresh and cryopreserved human tissue and continuation of patient care in the event of an emergency or natural disaster.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Position on donors and smallpox vaccine: a committee opinion

A discussion is presented about the suitability of donors who have received the smallpox vaccine.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Inflammation: a link between endometriosis and preterm birth

Inflammatory events are involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis and preterm birth, and a clinical correlation is suggested.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Risks of adverse pregnancy outcome in endometriosis

Endometriosis increases the risk of several pregnancy complications; some are caused by ectopic lesions, whereas others may reflect the impact of an adverse uterine environment on placenta formation.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012

July 2012

Tissue engineering of reproductive tissues and organs

We discuss how current therapies for dysfunctional reproductive tissues are often not adequate, and the study of the tissue engineering strategies designed to repair or replace damaged organs.

Fertility and Sterility

Jul 01, 2012