Antimullerian hormone acts through type II AMH receptor to inhibit FSH-induced adenylyl cyclase activation in hGL cells and subsequently suppresses aromatase expression and E2 production.

Peroxynitrite generated in inflammatory states disrupts the cumulus oocyte complex and the spindle apparatus by dispersing and compromising the viability of cumulus cells, which may lead to infertility.

The transcription factor NF-kB is found to be constitutively activated in adenomyosis and its activation level correlates positively with the severity of dysmenorrhea in women with adenomyosis.

Fallopian epithelial cells expressing FasL induce apoptosis of activated human T lymphocytes and endometrial cells, but endometrial cells derived from patients with endometriosis were resistant to the induction of apoptosis.

Octanoic acid, a stabilizer in albumin preparations, inhibits embryo development; because concentrations of octanoic acid vary among lots, it is a defined embryo toxin for routine screening.

Increased transforming growth factor-b1 and decreased levels of its receptor, soluble endoglin are found in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and may be implicated in PCOS pathogenesis and its increased risk for ovarian hyperstimulation.

Changes in mood during IVF treatment are associated with changes in perceived risk and in attitudes toward multiple pregnancy, but they do not necessarily result in a shift in transfer preferences.

After an educational intervention, university students in Australia had significantly increased knowledge of fertility and IVF effectiveness and significantly decreased desired ages at commencement and completion of childbearing.

After cystectomy for endometriomas, the decreased serum antimullerian hormone level can recover; removal of the ovarian cortex may be involved in the ovarian reserve decrease just after surgery.

The coital frequency of infertile couples was studied. Median monthly coitus was 7 and the lowest quartile was <5. Older age and erectile dysfunction were independent predictors of less frequent coitus in this population. Authors

We identified 25 serum proteins (4 down-regulated, 21 up-regulated) that were differentially expressed between adenomyosis patients and healthy women using iTRAQ labeling technology; 3 of these proteins were also analyzed using Western blotting.

Menopause was independently associated with the presence of leukoaraiosis after adjusting for age and vascular risk factors.

Age-specific probabilities of live birth calculated in this report would enable more accurate counseling and informed decisions for infertile women considering oocyte cryopreservation.

The use of a dynamic fluidic culture system for standardized ovarian cortex biopsies enables both follicle survival and initiation of the earliest follicle development to be better achieved.

Inverse associations were observed between serum bisphenol-A (BPA) concentration and androstenedione, free testosterone, and free androgen index and a positive association between serum BPA concentration and sex hormone-binding globulin.

Obesity was associated with PCOS in adolescents. Studies based on diagnosis codes only may underestimate the prevalence of PCOS and overestimate the magnitude of the association between obesity and PCOS.

Ovarian damage after laparoscopic endometrioma excision is more severe in ovaries from which an endometrioma 4 cm in diameter has been excised.

Nasal epithelial adrenomedullin expression is decreased in tubal ectopic pregnancy, which is associated with reduced ciliary beat frequency, and this may help predict the risk of tubal ectopic pregnancy.

Long-acting reversible contraceptive use remains low among young women with little progress in the last decade, pointing to the failure of family planning policies in altering contraceptive norms in Franc

Use of a combined oral contraceptive or progestin-only contraceptives did not affect the amount of infant milk intake and growth from 6 to 9 weeks of age.