We demonstrate our approach to microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy. A number of useful surgical techniques are highlighted and summarized throughout the video.

We have demonstrated uterus retrieval, perfusion, and transplantation technique from a deceased donor in a 3D animation model.

A combined laparoscopic and vaginal procedure with biomaterial graft couldbe an effective alternative in selected women with atresia of cervix and vagina.

The addition of nitrous oxide to the carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum strongly prevents adhesion formation in a laparoscopic mouse model, with a maximal effect from 5%–10% upward. Blood dose-dependently increases adhesion formation.

Blockade of Dll4 in an in vivo rodent model shows that VEGFR2-mediated sprouting during luteal angiogenesis is modulated by the Dll4/Notch-1 pathway, which induces a tip/stalk phenotype.

Chronic follicle culture exposure to low bisphenol A affects imprinting and posttranslational histone modifications in mouse oocytes, epigenetic aberrations that might contribute to aneuploidy, altered gene expression, and epigenetic disease.

Findings in rats suggest that parental sleep influences the reproductive capability of the F1 offspring.

The relationship between liver fat and metabolic risk was examined in obese adolescent girls with PCOS. This article demonstrates that worsening liver fat is associated with advancing age, increasing abdominal adiposity, worsening insulin sensitivity, and dyslipoproteinemia.

A survey of SART clinic members reveals that 77% of respondents use letrozole in clinical practice. The majority of letrozole is used in patients who fail to ovulate with clomiphene citrate.

No relationship could be demonstrated between blood type and risk of diminished ovarian reserve in an analysis of 305 patients undertaking in vitro fertilization.

Dietary isoflavone intake is associated with elevated SHBG concentrations, but not with reproductive hormones or anovulation.

Mifepristone was effective in treating leiomyomas, and 2.5 mg of mifepristone administered daily for 3 or 6 months was the optimal dosage for leiomyoma treatment.

The menstrual pictogram (SAP-c version) is a potential diagnostic tool for heavy menstrual bleeding, and would be suitable for testing treatment effects in clinical trials.

Normal saline is superior to CO2 as distension medium for diagnostic hysteroscopy. A high quality trial is required to validate these findings.

Salpingectomy at the time of hysterectomy with ovarian preservation does not have any short-term effects on ovarian reserve.

Here we describe biopsy and chromosome screening with the use of array comparative genomic hybridization with biopsy at day 3 or day 5/6 of embryo development. The main outcome markers were implantation rate, ongoing pregnancy rate, and pregnancy loss rate.

The potential biomarkers of azoospermia and molecular indicators that could determine particular stages of impaired spermatogenesis can be identified with GeneChip Human Gene 1.0 ST arrays.

Performing consecutive cycles of ovarian stimulation with letrozole and gonadotropin protocol for fertility preservation to maximize oocyte yield before chemotherapy is a feasible approach in women with breast cancer.

Random-start controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) protocols are as effective as conventional-start COS in fertility preservation and provide a significant advantage by decreasing the total time for embryo/oocyte cryopreservation.

A third of women assessed prospectively during pregnancy and after delivery reported hot flashes during pregnancy/postpartum, for which depressive symptoms, lower education, and higher body mass index were predictors.

Our findings were generally reassuring in not confirming a link between ovulation-inducing drugs and ovarian cancer; risk was increased, however, among women who, despite having used clomiphene citrate, remained nulligravid.

Eutopic and ectopic endometrial tissues display distinct anomalies in PG biosynthesis and catabolism pathways.

In endometriosis, local activation of estrogens appears to be important. Steroid sulfatase and 17b-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 inhibitors may therefore prove useful to treat the disease.

A home pregnancy test with weeks since ovulation results had 93% agreement with time since ovulation and 99% with ultrasound, which provides an estimate more accurate than last menstrual period and earlier than ultrasound.

Elevated peripheral blood NK cell activity was found to not be an independent risk factor for subsequent miscarriage.

Incidence of elevated P increases with ovarian response, and elevated P (>1.5 ng/mL) is independently associated with a decreased chance of pregnancy in low to normal, but not high, responders.

Singleton pregnancies arising from the transfer of embryos at blastocyst-stage in IVF appear to have higher risk of preterm and very preterm delivery when compared with cleavage-stage transfer.

This study did not find any significant correlation between preovulatory endometrial stripe thickness and likelihood of achieving pregnancy in clomiphene citrate/intrauterine insemination cycles.

We define the times associated with morphological changes that occur in embryo development based on time lapse. Subgroups of embryos were compared and related with blastocyst formation and implantation.

In poor responders undergoing in vitro fertilization, the clinical efficacy of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist was similar to that of a GnRH agonist.

The IVF cycles before and after methotrexate administration to 66 women were compared. Methotrexate does not compromise ovarian reserve, ovarian responsiveness, or IVF success in subsequent cycles.

Decreased percentage of mature oocytes and rate of embryo cleavage were found in the ACA[+]/ANA[+] group as compared with the ACA[]/ANA[+] group.

Live-birth rates were significantly higher for try 2 compared with try 1 for autologous fresh cycles, averaging 7.7 percentage points higher over five cycles.

In this cross-sectional study of healthy young men, dietary intakes of the carotenoids b-carotene and lutein were associated with higher sperm motility, while lycopene intake was associated with better morphology.

Ligation-mediated polymerase chain reaction (PCR) combined with real-time PCR is a useful tool for detecting DNA fragmentation as a parameter of sperm quality in human samples.

We demonstrate the ability of prefreeze semen quality to predict cryosurvival in terms of sensitivity and precision. This information allows appropriate counseling about the future possibilities of fertility for the patient.

Testicular fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9) is expressed in adult Leydig cells, and its expression is significantly decreased in patients with Sertoli cell–only syndrome. A promoter polymorphism of FGF9 contributes to its aberrant expression.

Finasteride may cause reduced sperm counts in some men, but sperm counts improve dramatically for most after discontinuation. Finasteride should be used with caution in men who desire fertility.

Our case–control study, involving 229 idiopathic nonobstructive azoospermia (INOA) patients and 236 fertile male controls, indicates that rs189037(G>A) in ATM gene increases INOA risk, possibly through affecting ATM expression.

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with sperm from a man with Eagle-Barrett syndrome (EBS) resulted in the births of two normal healthy male infants, suggesting that EBS is not transmitted to male offspring.