The technique of transanal disc excision using the Contour® Transtar™ stapler is applied in deep endometriotic nodules of the lower and mid rectum, thus specifically avoiding low colorectal resections.

Elective surgical intervention for women with Mayer- Rokitansky-K€uster-Hauser syndrome and uterine remnant leiomyomas can prevent the complication of torsion as well as prevent ovarian resection in premenopausal women.

Tranilast reduces fibronectin, COL1A1, versican, and activin-A expression in leiomyoma and myometrial cells.

The ability of murine ovarian hormone synthesis became abnormal and the ovarian tissue behaved insulin resistance, after treated with dexamethasone, in vivo and in vitro; the Chinese herbal extract cryptotanshinone was found to partially antagonize their behavior.

Sperm involved in recurrent partial hydatidiform mole pregnancies is not able to activate human oocytes or trigger the normal pattern of Ca2+ oscillations in mouse and human oocytes in vitro.

ITGA6, EPCAM, and THY1 are markers for enriching human SSCs using FACS, but only ITGA6 is suitable for MACS.

Sorting long-term cultured human testicular cells for ITGA6 is an efficient strategy for enrichment of spermatogonial stem cells (SSC) and important for further characterization before clinical application of SSC autotransplantation.

Vismodegib is a novel oral medication that targets the hedgehog pathway to treat basal cell carcinoma. Amenorrhea secondary to vismodegib is due to blockading of FSH-R signaling.

Serum hepcidin levels are increased in polycystic ovary syndrome women and correlated with iron excess and metabolic disorder, but not with BMP-6 expression in granulosa cells.

Female veterans are at high risk of sexual assault in their lifetimes, which may increase their risk of infertility and the chance they will delay, forego, or terminate a pregnancy.

A cross-sectional analysis of 193 men in California found an inverse association between perceived stress and sperm concentration, motility, and morphology. Associations for stressful life events were similar.

The prevalence of uterine mullerian duct anomalies has not previously been studied in a randomly selected general population. By saline contrast sonohysterography a prevalence of 9.8% was found.

Considering both efficacy and patient preference, oral administration may be the optimal route for misoprostol administration.

Anovulation prevalence among eumenorrheic women varies greatly by algorithm. Urinary LH surge algorithms, such as used in fertility monitors, identified more anovulatory cycles compared with methods utilizing serum P.

Polymorphisms in the vitamin D pathway (rs12800438 near DHCR7 and rs6058017 in ASIP) were associated with fibroid risk, supporting the hypothesis that vitamin D deficiency is involved in fibroid etiology.

DNA sequencing and single nucleotide polymorphism association analyses in 2,271 endometriosis cases and 2,163 controls provide further evidence that variants in CYP2C19 contribute to endometriosis susceptibility in both familial and sporadic cases.

In nonmenopausal breast cancer patients, tamoxifen effectively reduces cancer risk despite chronically extremely high E2 levels. Tamoxifen co-administration during conventional COH for IVF is effective without increasing risks to patients.

The hypersensitive PicoAMH assay, by its capacity to detect low levels of blood AMH, allows a more accurate prediction of menstrual cycle recovery in young women after chemotherapy.

We describe the feasibility of human uterus retrieval from brain dead donors. Uterus retrieval could be part of a reproducible multiorgan procurement procedure. Uterus donation seems readily accepted.

This study estimates the prevalence and temporal trends of male factor infertility diagnoses within ART clinics in the United States from 1999–2010, and maps the geographic distribution.

Vitamin D plays an important role in steroidogenesis, follicular development, ovarian reserve measures/markers, and IVF outcome. Vitamin D might have a beneficial reproductive effect in vitamin D–deficient women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Based on a cohort of 372 women with a history of recurrent early pregnancy loss, obesity was associated with euploid miscarriage, which is a known risk factor for subsequent miscarriage.

Elevated progesterone levels on cycle day 2 affect ongoing pregnancy rates in gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist cycles.

Sperm content of the postacrosomal head protein PAWP is positively correlated with successful fertilization and normal preimplantation embryonic development after intracytoplasmic sperm injection.

In patients with 4 mature follicles during controlled ovarian stimulation, it is more cost effective to proceed with oocyte retrieval than to convert to intrauterine insemination.

A systematic review and meta-analysis for outcomes with intrauterine insemination and in vitro fertilization for HIV-serodiscordant couples found no seroconversions and similar outcomes to HIV-seronegative infertility patients.

The proportion of metaphase II oocytes increases up to a 35-hour lag time between oocytematuration trigger and aspiration and then stabilizes up to 38 hours.

Follicular fluid cytokine concentrations vary throughout the follicular phase in the natural cycle and demonstrate complex interrelationships that underpin normal folliculogenesis and subsequent oocyte and embryo development.

We report on how a dual trigger of GnRH-a and hCG improves the percentage of mature oocytes retrieved in patients with a history of low oocyte maturity.

We discuss how data from the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology registry suggests that fresh autologous stimulation decreases endometrial receptivity in a model that compares donor oocyte cycles with similar autologous cycles.

Euploid embryos are far more likely than aneuploid embryos to progress to the blastocyst stage with a linear decrease in probability of blastulation with increasing number of chromosomal abnormalities.

In a large sample, no increased rate of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) associated genetic events in ASD subjects conceived by assisted reproduction compared to ASD subjects conceived without assisted reproduction.

A meta-analysis of the literature regarding youth varicocele and semen outcomes demonstrates an overall negative effect of varicocele on semen, and improvement of semen parameters following varicocele treatment.

The objective of this study was to identify male molecular causes of fertilization failures. Samples were analyzed by proteomic analysis. Two proteins involved in gametic interaction were identified: LR67 receptor and xylulose reductase.

This study shows differences in mRNA levels of the transcription factors LXRs and some of their downstream genes in testes of men with nonobstructive azoospermia and obstructive azoospermia.

Semen resistin is correlated with inflammatory cytokines and sperm quality; in cases of leukocytospermia and smoking habits, conditions with an inflammatory basis, the concentrations of resistin are increased.

Reflections on “Efficacy and safety of intrauterine insemination and assisted reproductive technology in populations serodiscordant for human immunodeficiency virus: a systematic review and meta-analysis” by Barnes et al.

This guideline document reviews the safety and efficacy of assisted hatching.

A policy of repeated single embryo transfer may minimize the risk of multiple pregnancy without substantially reducing live birth rates.

We have an opportunity as clinicians to identify patients with endometriosis that have the potential for malignant transformation. Future efforts should be focused on developing effective and noninvasive screening tools to identify these patients and possible nonsurgical treatment options, such as long-term tolerable suppressive medical therapy.