Ovaries of mouse offspring from high–fat–fed obese dams have reduced follicular population and altered gene expression, which could impact their reproductive potential.

Recombinant pigment epithelium–derived factor can protect granulosa cell viability in oxidative stress conditions by increasing SOD-1 and GPX- 2 mRNA levels, decreasing the protein level of BAX, and inducing AKT phosphorylation.

Treating oocyte-conditioned media with proteases and hexane provided evidence for the oocyte derived chemoattractant being a hydrophobic nonpeptide molecule that, in an oocyte-conditioned medium, is associated with a carrier protein.

Experimental study was designed to investigate the effect of enoxaparin treatment combination with ovarian detorsion on ovarian reserve and we found this therapy is more effective than detorsion alone treatment.

Antiapoptotic drug sphingosine-1-phosphate suppresses follicular depletion associated with chemotherapeutic agent cyclophosphamide treatment in human fetal ovarian xenografts, potentially providing a new option to prevent infertility associated with cancer treatments.

This study describes a novel dynamic culture system supporting initiation of physiologic follicular growth in 8-day-old murine ovaries. Dynamic culture seems to be promising within the context of fertility preservation.

Myeloid ecotropic viral integration site 1 (MEIS1) was expressed in response to sex steroid in the endometrium both in vitro and in vivo. Diminished endometrium MEIS1 expression may contribute to implantation failure in endometriosis.

AMH and FOXL2 collaboratively work to reserve ovarian follicles.

GnRH receptor analysis showed deleterious mutations in 10% of normosmic isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism patients, with a good genotype-phenotype correlation. No significant alterations were identified in constitutional delay of growth and puberty.

GnRH receptor analysis showed deleterious mutations in 10% of normosmic isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism patients, with a good genotype-phenotype correlation. No significant alterations were identified in constitutional delay of growth and puberty.

Normal weight adolescents with PCOS and a maternal history of PCOS had a significantly increased rate of insulin resistance independent of body mass index and inversely correlated with high molecular weight adiponectin.

Hysterosalpingo-foam sonography (HyFoSy) is a less painful office procedure for tubal patency testing during the fertility work-up compared to hysterosalpingography.

Because deletions of DMRT1 are found in XY gonadal dysgenesis, ovotesticular disorder, and male infertility, we sequenced DMRT1 in 171 male infertility patients and detected four possibly pathogenic mutations.

Resumption of menses 1 year or more after treatment is similar among women with breast cancer who receive a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist with chemotherapy or chemotherapy alone.

This retrospective cohort study demonstrates the advantage of younger age for substantial benefits from uterus-sparing surgery in women with adenomyosis-associated subfertility.

Assisted hatching use has increased but is not associated with improved pregnancy outcomes, even in poor prognosis patients. Prospective studies should better assess the potential benefits of assisted hatching.

Of 94 women with Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome who were retrospectively analyzed and followed, nearly one-fifth were susceptible to pelvic endometriosis.

Elevated levels of serum sRAGE were associated with recurrent pregnancy losses. sRAGE level was correlated with insulin, PAI-1, uterine radial artery resistance index, and TNF-a/IL-10 producing T helper cell ratios.

Antimullerian hormone (AMH) and antral follicle count (AFC) are significantly lower among women with recent exposure to hormonal contraception. AMH and AFC should be interpreted cautiously when measured in the setting of recent hormone use.

Prior data suggested that tubal temperatures are lower than the IVF culture temperature of 37C. Paired comparison of human embryo culture at 36C and 37C reveals better outcomes at 37C.

There is considerable biologically relevant variation in the compositions of commercially available culture media. This information provides a framework for future analysis of long-term effects of in vitro culture and optimization of culture media.

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist trigger does not affect obstetrical or neonatal outcomes in antagonist cycles.

Models of the probability of live birth and multiple births are a function of age, BMI, gravidity, prior full-term births, infertility diagnosis, number of embryos transferred, and cycle number.

Double-donor sperm intrauterine insemination does not increase clinical pregnancy rates compared with a single-donor sperm insemination.

The telomeric distribution of both the noncoding telomeric RNA (TERRA) and the protein component of telomerase (TERT) is disrupted in spermatocytes I of men with idiopathic infertility.

Treatment with enclomiphene increases serum T, E2, and LH levels similar to those obtained with topical T gel in men with secondary hypogonadism with no lowering of sperm count.

The adverse effect of bacteria and leukocytes on sperm membrane phospholipids is one of the several mechanisms by which these inflammatory mediators interfere with sperm quality with subsequent reduction in its fertilizing potential.

A single day of ejaculatory abstinence (EA) compared with 4 days of EA increased seminal total antioxidant capacity without a measurable effect on sperm membrane lipid peroxidation.

In our study, patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism responded to gonadotropins by an increase in testicular size, blood flow, and transverse epididymal diameter. In some patients, varicocele developed after treatment.

Altered sperm proteome was observed with respect to poor blastocyst development and in vitro fertilization outcome in donor oocyte cycles despite normal sperm testing parameters.

Reflections on “Telomere homeostasis is compromised in spermatocytes from patients with idiopathic infertility” by Reig-Viader et al.

Reflections on “Impact of lymphoma treatments on spermatogenesis and sperm DNA: a multicenter prospective study from the CECOS network” by Bujan et al.

Reflections on “Enclomiphene citrate stimulates testosterone production while preventing oligospermia: a randomized phase II clinical trial comparing topical testosterone” by Wiehle et al.

This document outlines criteria for the clinical practice of in vitro fertilization that meet or exceed the requirements suggested by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for certification of assisted reproductive technology laboratories.

This report summarizes the interests, obligations, and rights of the parties involved in gamete donation.

Lymphoma treatments had highly damaging effects on spermatogenesis and sperm chromatin quality. Mean pretreatment sperm concentrations were recovered at 12months after doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, darcarbacine (ABVD) or ABVD + radiotherapy, but at 24 months after doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisone(CHOP) ormechlorethamine, oncovin, procarbazine, prednisone (MOPP) therapies.

Egg donation continues to increase in popularity as part of assisted reproduction. Although short-term health effects of donation have been well studied, many unanswered questions remain about the long-term medical and psychological consequences for women who donate eggs. Studies of longer-term postdonation health effects have significant limitations, and are often retrospective, cross-sectional, or case studies.

Recently, the nature of assisted reproductive technology (ART) laboratory investigation has been shifting. Traditionally, it has focused on optimizing the culture milieu or assuring fertilization; now, a variety of new technologies are available to assess the reproductive potential of individual embryos. Perhaps most prominent has been the resurgence of embryonic aneuploidy screening. The validation of 24-chromosome testing platforms has led to a variety of studies demonstrating higher implantation and delivery rates.

The “holy grail” of in vitro fertilization is identifying a single embryo that produces a healthy baby. Currently, we have the ability to select a single euploid embryo for transfer. This can be achieved without harming the embryo if the biopsy is done at the blastocyst stage. Blastocysts can be frozen with high survival rates and then transferred in a thaw cycle. The implantation of frozen thawed embryos has been shown to be superior to those transferred into an endometrium that is under the influence of the stimulated environment.

In two reviews previously published in this journal on study design and clinical trials registration, we emphasized the importance of doing a calculation of the sample size required to examine the primary outcome of a trial.