We introduce a new technique that combines laparoscopic and vaginal cervicovaginal reconstruction using split thickness skin graft in patients with congenital atresia of the cervix.

We describe the differential microRNA profiles in the follicular fluid and granulosa cells of in vitro fertilization patients depending on their age and oocyte maturation stage.

Altered expression of vascular endothelial growth factor angiogenic factors in peri-implantation endometrium may provide an explanation for the impairment of endometrial receptivity in women who have high P levels before oocyte retrieval.

Dichloroacetate modulates redox homeostasis, thus protecting cells against anaerobic metabolism and associated oxidative stress. This may provide targets for therapeutic intervention for treatment of profibrotic disorders, including postoperative adhesions.

New automated AMH assays provide substantially lower values than existing AMH enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Assay-specific interpretation is necessary, along with international standardization.

Nine women with uterine factor infertility and their partners underwent psychological evaluations, by questionnaires, before and after uterus transplantation. The participants were psychologically stable throughout the 1-year observation time.

A cryopreservation method for a few spermatozoa using an agarose capsule was established. The method will be useful for intracytoplasmic sperm injection treatment in patients with few spermatozoa.

A large assisted reproductive technology registry study finds that blastocyst transfer does not increase the risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, or small for gestational age.

Urinary concentrations of two benzophenone-type ultraviolet filters (BP-2, BP-8), chemicals used as sunscreens, were found to be associated with select semen endpoints.

Ovulation-stimulating drugs were unrelated to lung or colorectal cancer risks, but possibly related to slight risk increases for melanomas and thyroid cancers, supporting the need for further evaluation of these cancers.

Men’s poultry intake was positively related to fertilization rate in in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles, while processed meat intake was inversely related to fertilization rate in IVF cycles only.

In a population-based case–control study, we observed increased endometriosis risk with regular infant soy formula feeding. Our data suggested that intrauterine diethylstilbestrol exposure and premature birth were associated with endometriosis.

Decidualizing signals reduce deoxyribonucleic acid methyltransferase 3B (DNMT3B) expression in eutopic endometrial stromal cells but not in endometriotic stromal cells. This affects DNMT3B chromatin occupancy across genes with aberrant DNA methylation in endometriosis.

Genetic and unique environmental influences on the etiology of endometriosis further strengthen the conclusion that genes have a strong influence on the phenotypic manifestations of endometriosis.

Altered levels of circulating miR-200a and miR-141 but not miR-200b were observed in plasma samples of women with endometriosis. The levels of the miRNAs studied were influenced by the circadian rhythm.

Early in vitro fertilization pregnancies screened by a clinical algorithm incorporating human chorionic gonadotropin levels and symptoms can be evaluated with early ultrasound for efficient diagnosis and treatment of ectopic and heterotopic pregnancy.

Chronic endometritis is prevalent among women with recurrent pregnancy loss and may contribute to poor pregnancy outcomes.

Within the first 5 years after sterilization reversal, at least 50% of women sterilized before the age of 40 years successfully deliver a child, but the delivery rate halves after the age of 40 years.

This randomized, controlled trial suggests that, for women with regular ovulatory cycles undergoing frozen embryo replacement in vitro fertilization, the live birth rate is similar whether the endometrium is prepared using a natural menstrual cycle or GnRH-agonist pituitary suppression and hormone replacement therapy.

We developed a diagnostic tool using a combination of proteomic fingerprinting and time-lapse morphokinetic analysis to select embryos for transfer according to their implantation potential.

Clinically significant differences exist between the peri-implantation and perinatal outcomes of fresh embryo transfer and frozen embryo transfer.

Although antimullerian hormone added some value to predicting cumulative live birth rate, its predictive accuracy was only modest.

The considerable variability in individual ovarian responses observed between repeated IVF cycles conducted using the same protocol were not explained by baseline serum follicle-stimulating hormone concentrations or antral follicle count.

Significant differences in ongoing pregnancy rates with high P levels after stimulated IUI cycles may help clinicians counsel patients about reduced success rates and time insemination to optimize implantation.

The rate of sex chromosome aneuploidy is significantly higher in the trophectoderm of blastocyst embryos derived from severely oligozoospermic males compared with those with normal semen parameters.

Paternal age does not seem to exert a statistically significant influence on oocyte donation outcomes.

This study unraveled human spermatozoa signaling pathways and correlated the activity of sperm signaling proteins with clinical data.

The association of human papillomavirus (HPV) in semen with HPV infections of the penile epithelium increases our understanding of the role of semen in the sexual transmission of HPV.

Reflections on “Shifting anaerobic to aerobic metabolism stimulates apoptosis through modulation of redox balance: potential intervention in the pathogenesis of postoperative adhesions” by Fletcher et al.

“Sorry Doctor, Mrs. X informed us that her child is very sick and that their doctor’s first impression is that the symptoms seem to be caused by a genetic disease. They are asking about the donor’s familial history and the genetic tests conducted to speed up the diagnosis. How do you want us to proceed?”

The classic paradigm describing the physiology of reproduction in women relies mainly on the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. The ovarian steroids estradiol and progesterone control endometrial development in a cyclic pattern to achieve implantation and maintain pregnancy. This process is regulated predominantly by the endocrine and paracrine systems acting through neurons, blood vessels, and nearby cell-to-cell mechanisms. The potential contribution of free peritoneal fluid (PF) in the pouch of Douglas to the regulation of female reproductive processes has not yet been comprehensively investigated or understood in normal or pathologic conditions.

This review critically appraises published studies for and against the endometriosis–ovarian cancer link and attempts to weigh the potential benefits and harms of screening and risk-reducing surgery accordingly.

During pregnancy, women with endometriosis may undergo severe complications, such as spontaneous hemoperitoneum, and seem to be at higher risk of preterm birth and placenta previa.

Endometriosis frequently recurs after conservative surgery. Long-term medical therapy until the patient wishes to conceive is recommended to prevent the recurrence of symptoms and lesions of endometriosis.

Combined hormonal contraceptives and progestogens are the first-line treatments of deep infiltrating endometriosis-associated pain; surgery should be considered in patients with pain symptoms persisting during hormonal therapy.

We discuss how therapeutic decisions should be shared with women who have deep endometriosis after a comprehensive evaluation; an in depth and realistic review of the benefits and risks should be made clearly available.

Endometriosis management should not be focused exclusively on lesions; a problem-oriented approach should be adopted; and quantitative information on alternative treatments must be provided to allow for a shared decision-making process.