Expression of miR-29c is suppressed and inversely correlated with collagen and DNMT3A in leiomyoma. The suppression of miR-29c in leiomyoma smooth muscle cells is primarily mediated by specific protein 1, NF-kB signaling, and epigenetic modification.

MicroRNAs can be reproducibly detected in blastocyst-spent media and most likely belong to trophectoderm cells. Primary clinical data suggest testing these noninvasive biomarkers for embryo selection in IVF cycles.

The gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues inhibit fibrosis even in the presence of gonadal hormones in immortalized human leiomyoma cells grown in three-dimensional cultures.

Serum AMH levels are relatively high in the late follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, but the increase is small and not seen in young (< 31 years) women

Hypothyroidism after cancer treatment is associated with decreased fertility, highlighting the importance of considering other medical conditions when estimating the effects of cancer and cancer treatment on future fertility.

Indian women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have a high prevalence of abnormal glucose tolerance, and oral glucose tolerance test significantly impacts its prevalence. Data are from a large cohort of women with PCOS attending two tertiary care centers in north India.

Costs, religious and ethical influences, provider and social support, as well as past reproductive experiences, contribute to a patient’s decision-making process to accept or decline PGS.

A negative association between self-rated stress and sperm concentration, total sperm count, and semen volume was detected in a cross-sectional study of 1,215 young Danish men.

Repeated 12-week courses of daily ulipristal acetate safely control bleeding and pain, reduce fibroid volume, and improve quality of life in patients with symptomatic fibroids.

Dilation and curettage in women suspected of retained products of conception is associated with significantly more intrauterine adhesions and incomplete evacuation with similar reproductive outcomes compared with hysteroscopic resection.

Vasomotor and vaginal atrophy symptoms are common in community-dwelling older women but are predominantly untreated. The degree of distress caused by sexual symptoms among older women needs further exploration.

Three sisters presented with atypical uterine leiomyomas and were diagnosed with hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer. They carry a novel mutation in the fumarate hydratase gene.

Fetal Met-Met genotype of Val158Met determines catechol-O-metyltransferase placental expression and activity in vitro and increases preeclampsia risk. However, decreased levels of 2-methoxyestradiol present in preeclampsia do not depend exclusively on this polymorphism.

Endometriosis fertility index could be used in infertility work-up for a second live birth, after the first child was obtained through assisted reproductive technology.

We discuss how brain-derived neurotrophic factor is a better predictor of endometriosis than nerve growth factor, neurotrophin 4/5, cancer antigen 125, and C-reactive protein in a cohort of 138 women.

The recurrent pregnancy loss endometrium shows an increased expression of inflammasome NALP-3 and ASC protein, an increased activation of caspase-1, and increased levels of IL-1b and IL-18. These are possible signs of an abnormal endometrial receptivity.

To determine the prevalence of chronic endometritis (CE) in patients with recurrent implantation failure (RIF) after IVF and unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL).

The androgen–interrupted follicle stimulating hormone protocol may improve follicular response during a microdose flare stimulation cycle in women with slow follicular growth or asynchronous follicular development.

Elevated serum progesterone on the day of trigger was negatively associated with clinical pregnancies in fresh in vitro fertilization transfer cycles but not in frozen embryo transfer cycles.

In 1,901 IVF cycles, a cut-off value of P on the hCG day differentiating good- from poor-prognosis cycles was not identified; therefore, clinical decisions should be based on other individual circumstances.

This study aimed to determine whether there are any increases in pregnancy-related complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes in singleton pregnancies after assisted reproductive technology compared with those conceived naturally.

This clinical study demonstrates a significant association between HPV sperm infection, reduced pregnancy rates, and higher miscarriage rates in couples undergoing assisted reproduction.

The increase in abnormal sperm parameters, sperm DNA fragmentation, chromatin decondensation, and aneuploidy suggest possible causes of unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss, which encourage the screening of both partners simultaneously.

Sperm DNA methylation profiles at five distinct genomic regions are associated with decreased fecundity in a well-characterized patient population.

Reflections on “How do patient perceived determinants influence the decision making process to accept or decline preimplantation genetic screening?” by Gebhart et al.

Reflections on “Relationship between sperm aneuploidy, sperm DNA integrity, chromatin packaging, traditional semen parameters and recurrent pregnancy loss” by Zidi-Jrah et al.

Reflections on “Decreased fecundity and sperm DNA methylation patterns” by Jenkins et al.

“No precedent was available in the male for the amount of [human menopausal gonadotropin] to be given in order to initiate spermatogenesis, if the latter could be done at all.” “In this experiment, the evidence is strongly in favor of FSH activity being exerted first at the level of the spermatogonium, inducing mitosis and proliferation of this cell.”

There is a clear genetic link between endometriosis and risk of ovarian cancer, especially for the highgrade serous and clear cell histotypes.

For more than a century, endometriosis has been described as unexplained, poorly understood, or enigmatic. As a result treatments are not based on the pathophysiology of the disease, which consequently cannot be cured effectively, meaning that the symptoms, which have major consequences on women's quality of life, will almost inevitably recur.

Observing recent developments and sociological changes in our society, we firmly believe that in the near future reproductive endocrinologists and infertility centers will treat more fertile than infertile couples.

We discuss methods for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced ovarian damage, including agents that act on the PI3K/PTEN/Akt follicle activation pathway, apoptotic pathways, the vascular system, and other potential methods of reducing chemotherapy-induced ovotoxicity.

Fertility preservation in patients with Turner syndrome represents an important issue even if it is particularly complex due to the rapid and profound exhaustion of the pool of follicles.

We discuss the indications for ovarian tissue cryopreservation in young patients with cancer, and future potential uses for this tissue.

Preserving the potential of becoming genetic mother should now be part of the management of infants, adolescents, and young women at risk for infertility from benign or malignant diseases.